I designed the ADF loop/sense antenna for Cessna's ARC when we were trying to catch up to King.
The answer to your question is: Yes, you can mount them close. The reason they wanted the Out antenna mounted far away is because it will burp RF into the ADF.
On our Glasair, I mounted our ADF antenna on the top of a ground plane, with the xpndr and DME antennas on the bottom of a different ground plane. I don't have 6 feet of separation, and I get a bit of brr... brap into the ADF. Otherwise, it works okay.